| Lacerta cappadocica WERNER, 1902 Latastia cappadocica BOULENGER, 1907 Apáthya cappadocica MÉHELY, 1907 Apathya cappadocica LANTZ & SUCHOW, 1934 Lacerta cappadocica EISELT, 1979 Apathya cappadocica MAYER & ARRIBAS, 2003 |
Werner, F. (1902) - Die Reptilien und Amphibienfauna von Kleinasien. - Sitzungsberichte der Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. Wien, Abteilung 1: 1057-1121.  Boulenger, G.A. (1907) - Remarks on Prof. L. von Méhely´s paper “Zur Lösung der ´Muralis-Frage`”. - The Annals and magazine of natural history, (7) 20: 39-46.  Méhely, L. (1907) - Zur Lösung der muralis-Frage (Vorläufige Mitteilung). - Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici, Budapest, 5 (1): 84-88. Mehely, L. (1907) - Archaeo- und Neolacerten. (Erwiderung an die herren G. A. Boulenger, FRS und Dr. F. Werner.) - Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici, Budapest, 5 (2): 469-493. Lantz, L.A. & Suchow, G.F. (1934) - Apathya cappadocica urmiana subsp. nov., eine neue Eidechsenform aus dem persischen Kurdistan - Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipzig, 106: 294-299. Eiselt, J. (1979) - Ergebnisse zoologischer Sammelreisen in der Türkei Lacerta cappadocica Werner, 1902 (Lacertidae, Reptilia), - Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 82: 387-421.  × A revisionary study of 366 specimens of Lacerta cappadodca WERNER, from Turkey,
Iraq, and Iranhas revealed the existence of 5 subspecies: L. c. cappadodca WERNER
(Kilikian Taurus to west of Malatya) ; L. c. wolteri (BIRD, 1936) (Amanus-Mountains to the
Euphrates) ; L. c. muhtari ssp. nov. (east of Malatya and the Euphrates to the south of
Lake Van, Turkey and to Sersang, Northeastern Iraq); L. c. schmidtlerorum ssp. nov.
(around Diyarbakir and Viransehir); L. c. urmiana (LANTZ & STJCHOW, 1934) (South-
eastern Turkey, Northeastern Iraq, Northwestern Iran). Bischoff, W. & Schmidtler, J.F. (1994) - Ergebnisse zweier Lacertiden-Exkursionen nach Syrien. - Die Eidechse, Bonn/Bremen, 5 (12): 4-22. × During two excursions to Syria (March/April and May 1994) 9 species of lacertid lizards were found (Acanthodactylus grandis, A. orientalis, A. tristrami, Lacerta media wolterstorffi L. cappadocica wolteri, L. l. laevis, L. (cf.) kulzeri, Mesalina brevirostris and Ophisops elegans ssp.). Three of them (A. tristrami, L. cappadocica wolteri and L. (cf.) kulzeri) are reported for the first time for this country. Concerning L. cappadocica, L. laevis, L. (cf.) kulzeri and O. elegans systematical questions are discussed. Ecological data are presented. Further amphibians and reptiles found during the excursions are listed, Coluber najadum is reported for the first time for Syria. Mayer, W. & Arribas, O. (2003) - Phylogenetic relationships of the European lacertid genera Archaeolacerta and Iberolacerta and their relartionships to some other ´Archaeolacertae´ (sensu lato) from Near East, derived from mitochondrial DNA sequences. - Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, Berlin, 41 (3): 157-161. × Parts of the mitochondrial genes coding for 12SrRNA and 16SrRNA (together about 960 bp) were sequenced for all Mediterranean species of `Mountain lizards` of the genera Archaeolacerta (sensu lato) and Iberolacerta. All subspecies of the Iberian species Iberolacerta cyreni and I. monticola were included in this study. In addition, samples of Apathya cappadocica and Darevskia rudis were analysed to elucidate the relationships of the European `Mountain lizards` to their possible relatives in the Near East. Maximum parsimony and neighbour joining analyses lead to the following major conclusions: (i) the monophyly of the genus Iberolacerta is very well supported; (ii) Archaeolacerta bedriagae (the type species of the genus) is most basal with respect to the ingroup taxa. If we accept Iberolacerta as a genus, Archaeolacerta becames paraphyletic. Therefore, we propose to restrict Archaeolacerta to the type species and to treat A. mosorensis and A. oxycephala provisionally as members of the collective genus Lacerta; (iii) within the genus Iberolacerta three groups were found: a Pyrenean group, an Iberian group and I. horvathi. The relationships among these groups remain unresolved; and (iv) the Peña de Francia lizards, described originally as a subspecies of I. cyreni, are in fact more closely related to I. monticola. Kapli, P. & Botoni, D. & Ilgaz, Ç. & Kumlutaş, Y. & Avcı, A. & Rastegar-Pouyani, N. & Fathinia, B. & Lymberakis, P. & Ahmadzadeh, F. & Poulakakis, N. (2013) - Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeogtraphy of the Anatolian lizard Apathya (Squamata, Lacertidae). - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 66 (3): 992-1001. × Apathya is a lacertid genus occurring mainly in south-east Turkey and its adjacent regions (part of Iran and Iraq). So far two morphological species have been attributed to the genus; A. cappadocica (with five subspecies, A. c.cappadocica, A. c.muhtari, A. c.schmidtlerorum, A. c. urmiana and A. c.wolteri) and A.yassujica. The first species occupies most of the genus’ distribution range, while A. yassujica is endemic of the Zagros Mountains. Here, we explored Apathya’s taxonomy and investigated the evolutionary history of the species by employing phylogenetic and phylogeographic approaches and using both mitochondrial (mtDNA) and nuclear markers. The phylogenetic relationships and the genetic distances retrieved, revealed that Apathya is a highly variable genus, which parallels its high morphological variation. Such levels of morphological and genetic differentiation often exceed those between species of other Lacertini genera that are already treated as full species, suggesting the necessity for a taxonomic revision of Apathya. The phylogeographical scenario emerging from the genetic data suggests that the present distribution of the genus was determined by a combination of dispersal and vicariance events between Anatolia and Southwest Asia dating back to the Miocene and continuing up to the Pleistocene. Key geological events for the understanding of the phylogeography of the genus are the movement of the Arabian plate that led to the configuration of Middle East (orogenesis of the mountain ranges of Turkey and Iran) and the formation of Anatolian Diagonal.
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